مطالعۀ تطبیقی ممنوعیت طراحی فریب‌کارانه در فضای دیجیتال در حقوق مصرف‌کننده و حقوق رقابت در ایران، اتحادیۀ اروپا و ایالات متحدۀ امریکا

الف) منابع فارسی

کتاب‌ها

1. کاتوزیان، ناصر (1385). دوره مقدماتی حقوق مدنی: اعمال حقوقی (قرارداد-ایقاع). تهران: شرکت سهامی انتشار.
2. صفایی، سید حسین (1396). قواعد عمومی قراردادها. تهران: میزان.

مقالات

3. اعظمی چهاربرج، حسین (1391). مبانی حمایت از حقوق مصرف‌کننده در قرآن. بررسی‌های حقوقی، 2 (4)، 93-110.
4. رهبری، ابراهیم (1401). تحلیلی بر چالش‌های حقوق رقابتی کلان داده‌ها. تحقیقات حقوقی، 25 (98)، 295-320.   Doi: 10.29252/jlr.2022.226773.2164
5. رهنمون، رئوف و شیخ‌الاسلامی، اسعد (1390). حمایت از حقوق مصرف‌کننده و قلمرو آن در فقه شافعیان و امامیه. فقه و مبانی حقوق اسلامی، 44 (1)، 77-97.
6. سیدغلامی، میرتیمور؛ دهقان، رمضان و ذوالفقاری، مهدی (1404). مطالعۀ تطبیقی حقوق مصرف‌کننده در ایران و حقوق اتحادیه اروپا. مطالعات فقه اقتصادی، 7 (3)، 108-122.
7. عبدللهی ویشکایی، سمیه (1398). بررسی انتقادی قانون حمایت از مصرف‌کننده. کانون وکلای دادگستری گیلان، 22 (11)، 54-69.
8. فرهمند، فرید (1403). طرح حمایت و حفاظت از داده و اطلاعات شخصی با مطالعۀ تطبیقی مقررات عمومی حفاظت از داده(GDPR) . حقوق فناوری‌های نوین، 5 (9)، 17-25.

Doi: 10.22133/mtlj.2023.383528.1164

9. قاسمی حامد، عباس؛ نبی، زهره و آقابابایی، فهیمه (1396). ممنوعیت‌ها و محدودیت‌های حاکم بر تبلیغ در فضای مجازی در چارچوب حقوق مصرف. تحقیقات حقوقی، 20 (77)، 91-115.
10. نصرالهی شهری، نیما و جعفری ‌نطنزی، فاطمه (1399). بررسی مقررات ناظر بر تبلیغات الکترونیکی؛ مطالعه تطبیقی نظام حقوقی ایران و انگلستان. حقوق قراردادها و فناوری‌های نوین، 1 (1)، 277-295.  Doi: 10.22133/clj.2020.240560.1011
11. یوزباشی، سید احد و عباسی، عادل (1399). مطالعۀ تطبیقی حمایت از مصرف‌کنندۀ بعدی در حقوق ایران و ترکیه. مطالعات حقوق تطبیقی معاصر، 11 (21)، 299-325.

Doi: 10.22034/law.2020.12639

رأی قضایی

12. دادنامۀ شمارۀ 9209982135600608 مورخ 23/04/1394 شعبۀ 39 دادگاه تجدیدنظر استان تهران. https://ara.jri.ac.ir/Judge/Text/23901

ب) منابع انگلیسی

Book

• Lewis, C. (2014). Irresistible Apps: Motivational Design Patterns for Apps, Games, and Web-Based Communities. Apress.

Articles

• Akhurst, T.; Zurdo, L.; Rapparini, R.; & Mautner Markhof, C. (2023). How Should the European Union Regulate Dark Patterns?, Comparative Approach to Big Tech Regulation. Available at:https://www.sciencespo­.fr/public/chaire-numerique/2023/09/13/policy-brief-detudiants-comm­ent­-lunion-europeenne-devrait-elle-reglementer-les-interfaces-truquees/
• Brenncke, M. (2024). Regulating Dark Patterns. Notre Dame J. Int'l Comp. L., 14 (39), 39-81.
• Brignull, Harry, (2021). Bringing Dark Patterns to Light, Federal Trade Commission’s Dark Patterns Workshop, Available at: https://harrybr.­medium.com/bringing-dark-patterns-to-light d86f24224ebf
• Bringing Dark Patterns to Light, FTC Workshop Report, (2022). 1. Available at: https://www.ftc.gov/system/files/ftc_gov/pdf/P214800%­20Dark%20Patterns%20Report%209.14.2022%20-%20FINAL.pdf
• Brynjolfsson, E., & Oh, J. (2012). The Attention Economy: Measuring the Value of Free Digital Services on the Internet. p 1-21.

19. Chugh, B., & Jain, P. (2021). Unpacking Dark Patterns: Understanding Dark Patterns and Their Implications for Consumer Protection in the Digital Economy. RGNUL Student Research Review Journal, 7 (23), 1-23.

• Day, G., & Stemler, A. (2020). Are Dark Patterns Anticompetitive?. L. Rev., 72 (1), 1-45. Doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3468321
• Devlin, A., & Jacobs, M. (2012). Anticompetitive Innovation and the Quality of Invention. Berkeley Tech. LJ, 27 (1), 1-57.
• Esposito, F., & Ferreira, T. M. C. (2024). Addictive Design as an Unfair Commercial Practice: The Case of Hyper-Engaging Dark Patterns. European Journal of Risk Regulation, p 1-18. Doi: http://dx.doi.org/­10.1017/­err.2024.8
• Gaulton, M.; Kelly, D.; & Burkell, J. (2024). Approaches to Regulating Privacy Dark Patterns. p 1-41.

24. Gray, C. M.; Santos, C.; & Bielova, N. (2023, April). Towards a Preliminary Ontology of Dark Patterns Knowledge. In Extended Abstracts of the 2023 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, p 1-9. Doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3544549.­3585676

• Jordyn, M. (2023). Pathways to the Light: Realistic Tactics to Address Dark Patterns. Rutgers University School of Law, 49 (1), 5-23.
• Kelly, D., & Burkell, J. (2023). Documenting Privacy Dark Patterns: How Social Networking Sites Influence Users’ Privacy Choices. p 1-23.
• Luguri, J., & Strahilevitz, L. J. (2021). Shining a Light on Dark Patterns. Journal of Legal Analysis, 13(1), 43-109.
• Mathur, A.; Acar, G.; Friedman, M. J.; Lucherini, E.; Mayer, J.; Chetty, M.; & Narayanan, A. (2019). Dark Patterns at Scale: Findings From a Crawl of 11K Shopping Websites. Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction, 3 (CSCW). 1-32. Doi: http://dx.doi.org­/10.1145/3359183
• Mouchabac, S.; Maatoug, R.; Conejero, I.; Adrien, V.; Bonnot, O.; Millet, B. & Bourla, A. (2021). In Search of Digital Dopamine: How Apps Can Motivate Depressed Patients, a Review and Conceptual Analysis. Brain Sciences, 11 (11), 1454, p 1-16.
• Nouwens, M.; Liccardi, I.; Veale, M.; Karger, D.; & Kagal, L. (2020). April). Dark Patterns After the GDPR: Scraping Consent Pop-Ups and Demonstrating Their Influence. In Proceedings of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, p 1-13.
• Özdemir, Ş. (2020). Digital Nudges and Dark Patterns: The Angels and the Archfiends of Digital Communication. Digital Scholarship in the Humanities, 35 (2), 417-428.
• Shieber, J. (2017). Meet the Tech Company that Wants to Make You Even More Addicted to Your Phone. Available at: https://techcrunch.­com/2017/09/08/meet-the-tech-company-that-wants-to-make-you-even-more-addicted-to-your-phone
• Stucke, M. E. (2017). Should We be Concerned About Data-Opolies? L. Tech. Rev., 2 (275), 275-325.
• Watson, Stephanie (2024). Dopamine Can Provide an Intense Feeling of Reward, Harvard Health Publishing, available at: https://www.health.­harvard.edu/mind-and-mood/dopamine-the-pathway-to-pleasure
• Whiting, A., & Williams, D. (2013). Why People Use Social Media: a Uses and Gratifications Approach. Qualitative Market Research: an International Journal, 16 (4), 362-369.

Case

• Perkins v. LinkedIn Corp., 53 F. Supp. 3d 1222 (N.D. Cal. 2014). Available at: https://scholar.google.com/scholar_case?case=67597228­83211889332&q=Perkins+v.+LinkedIn+i&hl=en&as_sdt=2006&as_vis=1

Internet Based

• Dark Patterns?, Comparative Approach to Big Tech Regulation. p7. Available at: https://www.sciencespo.fr/public/chaire-numerique/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Dark-Patterns.pdf accessed at 8 August 2024 .
• Brad Bartlett, (2023). Privacy Zuckering: What is it and Can We Protect Against It? Available at: https://kidslox.com/guide-to/privacy-zucker­ing/accessed at 7 July 2024
• Dovetail Calls for ‘Design Empowerment’ as New Research Reveals Online Consumers Are Still Falling Victim to Dark Patterns, Available at: https://dovetail.com/product-development/new-research-finds-online-­consumers-are-falling-victim-to-dark-patterns/ accessed at 8 August 2024 .
• Pfeifer, A., (2019). Dark UX: Bait and Switch. Available at: https://usertimes.io/2019/02/01/bait-and-switch/ accessed at 8 August 2024 .
• What is Data Processing? Definition, Steps & Methods, (2024). Available at: https://www.fullstory.com/blog/what-is-data-processing/ , Accessed at 8 August 2024 .

Documents and Regulations

• Regulation (EU) 2022/2065 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 19 October 2022 on a Single Market for Digital Services and Amending Directive 2000/31/EC (Digital Services Act). Ofcial Journal of the European Union 65, L277 (Oct. 2022). Available at: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2022/2065/oj .
• Directive 2005/29/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 May 2005 Concerning Unfair Business-to-Consumer Commercial Practices in the Internal Market and Amending Council Directive 84/450/EEC, Directives 97/7/EC, 98/27/EC and 2002/65/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council and Regulation (EC) No 2006/2004 of the European Parliament and of the Council (‘Unfair Commercial Practices Directive’) (Text with EEA Relevance) Available at: https://eurlex.europa.eu/legalcontent/EN/TXT/?uri=celex%3A32005­L0029
• Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council on harmonised Rules on fair Access to and Use of Data (Data Act) Available at: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?­uri=COM%3A2022%3A68%3AFIN .
• Commission Notice – Guidance on the Interpretation and Application of Directive 2005/29/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council Concerning Unfair Business-to-Consumer Commercial Practices in the Internal Market (Text with EEA Relevance), Available at: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A52021XC1229­%­2805%29
• Regulation (EU) 2016/679 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 April 2016 on the Protection of Natural Persons with Regard to the Processing of Personal Data and on the Free Movement of Such Data, and Repealing Directive 95/46/EC (General Data Protection Regulation) (Text with EEA Relevance) Available at: https://eur-lex.­europa.eu/eli/reg/2016/679/oj

47. Regulation (EU) 2022/1925 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 14 September 2022 on Contestable and Fair Markets in the Digital Sector and Amending Directives (EU) 2019/1937 and (EU) 2020/1828 (Digital Markets Act) (Text with EEA Relevance). https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=COM%3A2022%­3A­68%­3AFIN.

• Shaping Choices in the Digital World IP Reports Innovation and Foresight n◦06 From Dark Patterns to Data Protection: The Influence of UX/UI Design on User Empowerment (2019), p19. Available at: https://www.cnil.fr/sites/cnil/files/2023-06/cnil_ip_report_06_shaping_­choices_in_the_digital_world.pdf
• The California Privacy Rights Act (CPRA). Available at: https://thecpra.org/